Hyper-Gin

We will present the main beneficial properties of the ingredients:

Silverweed (Argentina anserina syn. Potentilla anserina) is a perennial herbaceous plant, a hemicryptophyte, that belongs to the Rosaceae family (which also includes Roses, Apples, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Hawthorn, and Wild Roses, among many others). Known since ancient times, Silverweed was used during periods of famine by many peoples, especially those in the north, who dug up its roots and dried them for provisions. In Central Europe, the plant was used as a vegetable and as a tea substitute, while the people of Tibet used its roots (cooked in butter and sugar) to prepare a festive New Year’s dish. The species’ scientific name most likely derives from “potens” (Potentilla), meaning “strong/potent”, referring to the plant’s therapeutic effects, and from “Anser” (anserina), meaning “goose”, referring to the leaf appearance, whose silvery, hairy underside resembles the feathers or tracks of these birds. In our country, Silverweed was empirically used as an adjuvant in wound healing and injury recovery (such as sprains). In the Apuseni Mountains, the leaves were crushed and mixed with lard, then applied to painful areas or infected wounds. Tea made from the plant’s leaves and flowering stems was consumed to alleviate stomach aches, stomach burns, cramps, diarrhea, or chills. Externally, the plant was also used in children’s bathwater to strengthen bones or combat eczema.

In modern phytotherapy, preparations based on Silverweed are recommended for their antidiarrheal, antiseptic, and antispasmodic effects. Due to its significant tannin content (7-11% in aerial parts and 20% in underground parts), Silverweed reduces the permeability of capillaries and cell membranes, helping to slow intestinal transit through its astringent effect. Moreover, the plant’s active compounds play a regulatory role on the intestinal microflora, contributing to the restoration of stomach and intestinal microbiota by destroying or limiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, especially beneficial in infectious diarrhea. Through its hemostatic action, Silverweed is also useful in reducing internal or external bleeding (e.g., rectal or nasal bleeding) and in normalizing menstrual flow (especially abundant menstruation). Thus, Silverweed helps maintain comfort before and during menstruation, has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and its antiseptic action makes it useful in relieving leucorrhea and other infectious problems in the genital area. Additionally, the active compounds in the aerial parts of Silverweed also contribute to calming intestinal colic, relaxing the smooth muscles of the intestines, stomach, and uterus. Externally, preparations based on Silverweed have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, astringent, anti-hemorrhoidal, mildly analgesic, and wound-healing properties, recommended for oral and throat care, as well as for the care of skin and scalp through gargles, local washes, swabs, poultices, compresses, or vaginal washes. For example, this species is useful for disinfecting wounds and accelerating their healing. Moreover, derivatives from this species can be used for maintaining the health of the female genital area. Lastly, the species is useful in soothing sore throat, hemorrhoidal, menstrual, and inflamed gum pains.

In conclusion, Silverweed extract is an excellent adjuvant for digestive health and for caring for the female reproductive system. It is helpful in combating infectious digestive issues and stopping bleeding. Additionally, the active compounds (e.g., tannins, bitter principles, mucilages, flavonoids, volatile oil, mineral salts) in the aerial parts of this species also contribute to: regulating menstrual flow, soothing painful muscle contractions associated with menstruation, protecting and restoring vaginal microbiota, calming intestinal colic, normalizing accelerated intestinal transit, reducing gastric colic, balancing intestinal microbiota by destroying pathogenic microorganisms, combating gastric, intestinal, or genital inflammatory and infectious conditions. Thus, the virtues of Silverweed extract include its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, mildly spasmolytic, anticholic, hemostatic, astringent, antihemorrhoidal, antispasmodic, and microbiota-modulating actions. Externally, it has healing, calming, antiseptic, antitrichomonal, and anti-eczema properties.

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae/Compositae family. It is native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Europe, Asia, North America) but has also been introduced in Australia and New Zealand as a forage plant to combat mineral deficiencies in ruminants. Yarrow is a plant known and used since ancient times, being mentioned in the writings of Dioscorides. It also holds importance in Ayurvedic medicine, where it is used for its carminative and diaphoretic properties. It was particularly appreciated by Native American peoples, who used it as an analgesic, to increase resistance to colds, improve sleep, lower fever, and treat burns, among many other uses. In Romania, Yarrow is mentioned as a medicinal plant in 1863, but its use dates back to the Dacians, from whom many of its applications seem to have been inherited. In modern phytotherapy, Yarrow is recognized for its wide-ranging applications, particularly due to its significant content of azulenes, asparagine, choline, α- and β-pinene, caryophyllene, sesquiterpene lactones (found in the dark blue essential oil), flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, phytosterols, and phytoestrogens (such as apigenin and luteolin).

In conclusion, Yarrow extract supports digestion, soothes abdominal discomfort, regulates appetite, and supports the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Additionally, the active compounds (e.g., essential oil – sesquiterpenes – achillein, azulenes, cineole, limonene, caryophyllene, camphene, borneol, pinene, flavones, bitter principles, tannins, phytosterols, choline, phytoestrogens – apigenin, luteolin; organic acids – achilleic, valerianic, formic, acetic, aconitic, ascorbic, folic, caffeic, salicylic, stearic, myristic, oleic, linoleic, succinic, sugars – sucrose, maltose, glucose, arabinose, galactose, dextrins; resins, vitamins – C, B-complex, minerals – Ca, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Si, Cd) from its flowers, leaves, and stems also contribute to: maintaining respiratory health, strengthening immunity, lowering blood sugar, combating urinary infections, supporting kidney health, alleviating discomfort associated with menstrual cyclesor menopausal periods, combating oxidative stress, and limiting inflammatory processes within the body. Thus, the virtues of Yarrow extract include its digestive, stomachic, depurative, phytoestrogenic, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, liver detoxifying, venotonic, cholecystokinetic, calming, astringent, vermifuge, hemostatic, antispasmodic, diuretic, immunomodulatory, expectorant, and mildly laxative and carminative actions.

Shepherd’s Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), is an annual (rarely biennial) herbaceous species belonging to the Brassicaceae/Cruciferae family (which also includes Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Kale, and Brussels sprouts). The scientific and popular names of the species refer to the specific shape of the seed capsules, which resemble a shepherd’s bag or hood. Found from subalpine areas to plains and steppe regions, this species grows spontaneously along roadsides, in orchards, parks, gardens, and other cultivated places with sufficient sun and soil moisture. Originally from Europe, the species has now spread globally and has numerous varieties. Shepherd’s Purse has a tradition of use spanning approximately 8,000 years. Known to our Dacian ancestors, it was used to address urinary problems and fevers(malaria). The Dacians would soak it in wine, and the resulting beverage was consumed to alleviate gastric pain and stop bleeding. Due to its astringent properties, the species was also used to calm accelerated intestinal transit. Because of its widespread presence, Shepherd’s Purse is found in the traditional cuisine and medicine of many countries, both European and Asian. This plant is used as an adjuvant in regulating blood pressure and promoting coronary dilation due to its potassium content and other compounds. Moreover, Shepherd’s Purse derivatives may have positive chronotropic effects and can stimulate smooth muscle. Its vitamin K content gives it well-known hemostatic properties, especially in extracts from dried plants. Tannins and bioflavonoids also contribute to the plant’s astringent action.

In modern phytotherapy, the aerial parts of Shepherd’s Purse are most commonly used to prepare infusions or tinctures with cardioprotective, hypotensive, and hemostatic properties. The biologically active compounds in the plant stimulate smooth muscle relaxation and cause coronary vessel dilation, with positive effects on blood pressure disorders, angina pectoris, or atherosclerosis. Additionally, the plant’s anti-hemorrhagic action makes it useful for menstrual problems, being effective in cases of both metrorrhagia and menorrhagia. By inducing smooth muscle contraction at the uterine level, it causes the narrowing of the vascular lumen and stops uterine hemorrhage. Similarly, the plant is effective for digestive, nasal, urinary, or pulmonary hemorrhages. Very importantly, animal studies have also highlighted the antitumoral properties of Shepherd’s Purse extracts. Although the effect is a result of the complex interaction of the many active compounds found in the plant, it is believed that fumaric acid plays a primary role in the anti-proliferative action. Externally, the plant has antiseptic, vasoconstrictive, anti-hemorrhoidal, and wound-healing properties due to its tannins and flavonoids. Lastly, in veterinary medicine, Shepherd’s Purse is used to calm gastroenteritis, accelerated transit, and bleeding. Similarly, as in humans, the plant also has uterotonic action in animals.

In conclusion, Shepherd’s Purse extract helps reduce bleeding and normalize the menstrual cycle. It limits inflammatory processes and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Moreover, the active compounds (e.g., flavonoids – luteolin, quercetin, rutin, diosmin, kaempferol, hesperetin, galactosides; saponins, amino acids – proline, tyramine, ornithine; peptides – α- and γ-aminobutyric acid, α-aminoadipic acid; amines – choline, acetylcholine, histamine; organic acids – chlorogenic, vanillic, syringic, fumaric, bursic; mucilages, tannins, resins, alkaloids, sinigrin, carotenoids, vitamins – A, C, K, minerals – potassium and calcium salts, Cu, Cr, K, Na, Mn, Zn, Mg, Fe, essential oil– camphor, etc.) from the aerial parts of Shepherd’s Purse contribute to: protecting the cardiovascular system through vasorelaxation and normalizing blood pressure, protecting the renal system through diuresis stimulation and antiseptic action, and normalizing accelerated intestinal transit. In short, the virtues of Shepherd’s Purse derivatives include anti-hemorrhagic, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, astringent, coronary vasodilator, analgesic, antitumoral, anti-hemorrhoidal, diuretic, and antidiarrheal actions.

White Dead-nettle (Lamium album), is a perennial, herbaceous, honey-bearing plant with medicinal and food importance that belongs to the Lamiaceae/Labiatae family (which includes over 25 species of Mint and numerous hybrids, Lemon Balm, Ironwort, Lavender, Rosemary, Basil, Thyme, and many other aromatic plants). The species is native to the Eurasian region, and it has naturalized in North America. It exists in two subspecies, with L. album barbatum dominating in the eastern region and L. album album in the west. Both subspecies are predominantly found in hilly areas, reaching up to alpine regions, and prefer shaded, rich, and moist soils.

Like most medicinal plants, White Dead-nettle has been known and used since ancient times. It was also known to our Dacian ancestors, who called it “dyn” (dziin), later “zin/zân.” Both the flowers and aerial parts of the plant were used for colds, lung problems, coughs, rheumatic pain, malaria (fevers), stomach issues, and high blood pressure. The plant was also used as food, cooked with other vegetables or added to bread dough. For rheumatic pain, it was soaked in wine and administered morning, noon, and evening, while decoctions made from its stolons were used to treat gastric ulcers. A decoction made from the flowers was indicated for normalizing blood pressure, while one made from the flowering stems was used as an adjuvant in vaginal discharge (leucorrhea).

In modern phytotherapy, White Dead-nettle derivatives are known for their anti-inflammatory, emollient, astringent, anti-hemorrhagic, vasoconstrictive, depurative, and diuretic properties. The biologically active compounds, such as mucilages contained in the aerial parts of the species, help calm and regenerate the gastric and intestinal mucous membranes, while the tannins and anti-inflammatory compounds contribute to normalizing accelerated intestinal transit, calming episodes of diarrhea. The mucilages relax tissues, and together with the essential oil and other anti-inflammatory substances, they thin bronchial secretions and promote expectoration. The tannins and astringent compounds contribute to narrowing the vascular lumen through peripheral vasoconstriction, stopping bleeding, and improving varicose veins. White Dead-nettle is also useful in alleviating menopausal symptoms, having a calming, depurative, sedative effect on the nervous system and combating insomnia. Additionally, through its anti-hemorrhagic action, the species helps normalize abundant and painful menstrual periods. Lastly, due to its high potassium salt content, the plant acts on the renal epithelium, increasing the amount of urine excreted, thereby helping to normalize blood pressure and detoxify the body. Externally, White Dead-nettle preparations help reduce rheumatic pain (especially that caused by gout), calm and heal skin ulcers, and improve varicose ulcers. It is also highly beneficial for maintaining normal prostate size, with warm sitz baths recommended to limit inflammation at this level. Similarly, the plant can be used for vaginal washes to combat leucorrhea or for oral infections, in the form of gargles.

In conclusion, White Dead-nettle extract is recognized for its exceptional properties in combating gastrointestinal disorders and limiting inflammatory processes in the body. Additionally, the active compounds (e.g., flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, carotenoids, rutoside, quercetin, astragalin, mucilages, saponins, tiliroside, phenolic glycosides, and iridoids, tannins, alkaloids, phenolic acids, biogenic amines – tyramine, histamine, methylamine; chlorophyll, volatile oil, vitamins – C, K, and mineral salts – K, Mg, etc.) from the aerial parts of White Dead-nettle also contribute to: reducing intestinal inflammation and protecting the gastrointestinal mucosa, normalizing accelerated intestinal transit, eliminating toxins from the blood, thinning bronchial secretions, promoting expectoration, stopping bleeding, calming the nervous system, narrowing the vascular lumen, reducing prostate hypertrophy, easing the transition through menopause, and increasing the amount of urine excreted. Externally, the plant helps accelerate the healing of abscesses, boils, skin ulcers, vaginal infections, gout-related swelling, purulent wounds, bleeding, varicose veins, and varicose ulcers. In short, the virtues of White Dead-nettle-based products include anti-inflammatory, emollient, expectorant, hemostatic, sedative, depurative, astringent, antidiarrheal, healing, peripheral vasoconstrictive, varicose-vein alleviating, vulnerary, gastroprotective, prostate-protecting, antitussive, and diuretic actions.

Marigold (Calendula officinalis), is an annual herbaceous plant, either cultivated or wild, with aromatic properties and a bitter-salty taste, belonging to the Asteraceae/Compositae family (which also includes Sunflower, Chicory, Artichoke, Echinacea, Yarrow, Dandelion, Burdock, Milk Thistle, Wormwood, and many others). In the past, its flowers were used for yellow dyeing and, empirically, to combat hepato-biliary, skin, digestive, and uterine issues. The plant was often boiled in wine and consumed in portions to address liver problems. Additionally, Marigold flowers were placed in children’s bathwater to help them fall asleep.

In modern phytotherapy, Marigold is one of the most versatile natural remedies. Preparations made from its flowers are useful in modulating the immune system, ensuring it does not overreact to allergens while remaining strong against pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Moreover, phytotherapeutic preparations from Marigold flowers have a long-standing tradition in stimulating the healing and regeneration of damaged tissues and mucous membranes due to their composition of polysaccharides, mucilages, and gum resins. Frequently, Marigold derivatives are used to reduce gastric hyperacidity, being an excellent gastric and duodenal bandage. Externally, Marigold-based products are highly effective in accelerating the healing of infections, inflammations, wounds, and ulcers, both skin-related and ophthalmic. Furthermore, the carotenoid content such as β-carotene, lutein, or xanthophyll helps maintain visual acuity by protecting the macula lutea (yellow spot) in the retina from free radical damage.

Additionally, the bitter principles contained in Marigold flowers grant them bile and liver-stimulating properties. Specifically, the bitter principles in Marigold are largely responsible for its hepatostimulatory and cholecystokinetic effects. Very importantly, Marigold-based preparations possess immunomodulatory actions, supporting the immune system in combating viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. For instance, the antitrichomonal action of Marigold preparations is well known, and they are also useful in combating leucorrhea, amenorrhea, and dysmenorrhea due to their phytoestrogen content. Laboratory studies have indicated protective effects against HIV, Staphylococcus aureus Oxford, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Lastly, Marigold is also recommended for cardiovascular support by stimulating respiration, normalizing blood pressure, and improving peripheral circulation. The rutoside and vitamin C content protects blood vessels and capillaries, helping combat hemorrhoids. Modern research also suggests a potential use for Marigold in addressing cellular division problems.

In conclusion, Marigold helps protect the digestive, immune, and cardiovascular systems. Externally, it supports skinand eye health. Moreover, the active compounds (e.g., bitter principles, polysaccharides, triterpene saponosides, α- and β-amyrin, carotenoids – lycopene, α- and β-carotene, lutein, neolycopene A, xanthophyll, flavoxanthin, chrysanthemaxanthin, rubixanthin; flavonoids, flavonic glycosides – isoquercitrin, narcissin, neohesperidoside, rutoside; gum resins, mucilages, malic acid, cholesteric esters of acids – lauric, myristic, palmitic, margaric; volatile oil, vitamins – vitamin A, C, and minerals, etc.) from Marigold flowers also contribute to gallbladder stimulation, reducing stomach acidity, regenerating gastric and duodenal mucosa, modulating immune response, relieving allergies, supporting normal cell division, combating pathogens, and normalizing menstruation. In short, the virtues of Marigold-based preparations include immunomodulatory, emollient, bitter-tonic, cholagogue, choleretic, hepatoprotective, detoxifying, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, healing, antitrichomonal, antispasmodic, antifungal, bactericidal, antiviral, antitumoral, antihemorrhoidal, phytoestrogenic, and emmenagogue actions.

Wood Avens (Geum urbanum), is a perennial herbaceous plant, a hemicryptophyte, that belongs to the Rosaceae family (which also includes Roses, Apples, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Hawthorn, and Wild Roses). Most commonly found growing spontaneously in large clusters in oak forests or along the edges of beech forests, near streams, roadsides, ditches, thickets, orchards, and other ruderalized regions, from plains to mountainous areas, Wood Avens is spread across Europe, Asia, North America, and Australia.

Wood Avens has been known and used since ancient times, deriving its name from the Greek “geuein,” meaning “pleasant taste, aromatic,” most likely referring to the plant’s rhizome, which has a clove-like aroma due to its eugenol content. It is mentioned as a medicinal plant in the writings of Pliny the Elder, and it has also been used in our country (since ancient times) to treat diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid fever, lung conditions, cramps, hernia, urticaria, leg pain, and to strengthen bones. In the Apuseni region, it has a tradition of use for “bad heart” (enteritis).

In modern phytotherapy, Wood Avens-based preparations are recommended for their antidiarrheal, antiseptic, and antispasmodic effects. Due to its significant tannin content, Wood Avens reduces mucous secretions, causes the precipitation of blood proteins, reduces the permeability of capillaries and cell membranes, and helps slow intestinal transit through its astringent action. Moreover, the volatile oil rich in eugenol has a regulatory role on intestinal microbiota, helping restore balance between various microorganisms present in the stomach and intestines by destroying pathogenic strains, especially calming infectious diarrhea. Through its hemostatic action, Wood Avens is also useful for reducing internal or external bleeding, such as menstrual, colorectal, or nasal bleeding. Additionally, the bacteriostatic action of eugenol makes it helpful in alleviating leucorrhea. The bitter substances contained stimulate the hepatobiliary system, aiding digestion and reducing sensations of nausea and vomiting associated with biliary disorders. Lastly, Wood Avens derivatives help detoxify the body by eliminating metabolic toxins and excess water from tissues via urination, acting on the renal epithelium and increasing the amount of urine excreted. Externally, Wood Avens-based preparations have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, astringent, antihemorrhoidal, and wound-healing properties, recommended for the care of the mouth and throat, as well as for the care of the skin and scalp through gargles, local washes, swabs, poultices, compresses, or vaginal washes.

In conclusion, Wood Avens extract is an excellent adjuvant for digestive health and for stopping bleeding. It is helpful in combating infectious digestive issues and in relieving nausea or vomiting associated with hepatobiliary disorders. Additionally, the active compounds (e.g., hydrolyzable and condensed tannins, bitter principles – serpilin, organic acids – gallic, ellagic, ursolic, malic, caffeic; heterosides, gum resins, enzymes – gease, carbohydrates – starch, sucrose, raffinose, vicine, flavonoid derivatives, vitamins, mineral salts, volatile oils – eugenol, cineol, thymol, borneol, cymol, carvacrol, alpha-terpineol, beta-caryophyllene, myrcene, etc.) from the rhizomes and roots of Wood Avens contribute to: the precipitation of intestinal proteins and relieving diarrhea, aiding digestion, balancing intestinal microbiota by destroying pathogenic microorganisms, disinfecting and soothing the upper respiratory tract, combating fevers, maintaining the good functioning of the cardiovascular system, reducing muscle spasms, decreasing abundant menstrual flow, and combating inflammatory and infectious states. Externally, the plant can be used to care for ulcerative, acne-prone, eczematous skin or dilated pores, for maintaining the health of the genital system, stopping bleeding, speeding healing, and calming gingivitis and tonsillitis, as well as for reducing hemorrhoids. In short, the virtues of Wood Avens derivatives include antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, bactericidal, anticholic, hemostatic, astringent, antihemorrhoidal, antispasmodic, bitter-tonic, analgesic, microbiota-modulating, febrifuge, digestive, diuretic, and wound-healing actions.

Lady’s Mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris) is an herbaceous species from the Rosaceae family (which also includes Roses, Raspberries, Apples, Hawthorn, Cherries, and Wild Roses). It is a perennial plant commonly found in hilly areas, on riverbanks, along roadsides, or at the edges of forests. In phytotherapy, the aerial parts together with the inflorescences of the plant are used. These are rich in active compounds such as tannins, phytosterols, phytohormones, saponins, mineral salts, fatty acids (palmitic, stearic), and organic acids (ellagic, luteic). Due to its content in phytohormones and fatty acids, Lady’s Mantle is useful in maintaining the health of the female reproductive system, easing symptoms associated with menstrual cycles and menopause. It also has a beneficial effect on mucous membranes (vaginal, stomach, intestinal, oral) due to compounds like tannins that have astringent action or others with wound-healing and antiseptic actions. Thanks to its astringent substances, Lady’s Mantle-based products reduce the risk of hemorrhage, regulate intestinal transit, and tone blood vessels. In short, Lady’s Mantle helps maintain comfort before and during menstrual cycles and menopause, has a calming effect on the mouth, throat, pharynx, and vocal cords, and supports the health of the gastrointestinal and hepatic systems, reducing discomfort in these areas.

In conclusion, Lady’s Mantle extract helps maintain the health of the female reproductive system. It is useful in balancing hormonal levels, easing the transition through menstrual cycles and menopause, maintaining female fertility, reducing the risk of bleeding, supporting the body during pregnancy, and aiding in the recovery of uterine muscles after birth. Thus, Lady’s Mantle derivatives have hormonal-regulating, venotonic, stomachic, astringent (both internally and externally), intestinal transit-regulating, appetite-stimulating, wound-healing, and antiseptic actions.

Sage (Salvia officinalis) is a perennial subshrub with small blue-violet flowers and belongs to the Lamiaceae/Labiatae family. Widely appreciated, this species is cultivated for its medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental properties. The plant most likely derives its name from the Latin “salvare” (to save), indicating the importance the Romans attached to this species for its health benefits. The Romans were not the only ones to recognize the virtues of Sage—its benefits were well-known and appreciated by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Dacians, and Chinese, who considered it a panacea. As such, Sage has proven its usefulness and has been used since ancient times, which is why today it is one of the reference plants in modern phytotherapy. Derivatives from its leaves are recommended for digestive optimization by stimulating liver and biliary functions, calming the gastric and intestinal mucosa, and easing the elimination of gases. Additionally, Sage-based preparations help combat hot flashes and night sweats, often in combination with Lavender. Sage is also an adjuvant in calming the nervous system, improving memory, and rebalancing the endocrine system due to its phytoestrogen content. It enhances the body’s resistance to stress factors and tones it due to its rich content of vitamins and minerals.

In summary, Sage extract helps balance hormonal levels, particularly effective in reducing abundant night sweats. Moreover, the active compounds (e.g., essential oils with terpenic hydrocarbons – pinene, camphene, myrcene, terpinen, limonene, ocimene, alloocimene, cymene, terpinolene, tujene, tujan, tricylene, cubebene, copaene, bourbonene, guaiol, caryophyllene, isocaryophyllene, maliene, aromadendrene, humulene, cadinene, calamenene, sitosterol, and stigmasterol; oxygenated compounds – borneol, terpineol, linalool, sabinol, viridifloral, caryophyllene oxide, thujone, camphor, acetic aldehyde, isovalerianic aldehyde, bornyl acetate, linalyl acetate, sabinol acetate, methyl isovalerianate; paraffinic compounds, flavones – free or glycosylated derivatives of luteolin and apigenin; tannins, which, during drying, transform into phlobaphenes; enzymes – phenolases, peroxidases, oxidoreductases, bicyclic monoterpenol dehydrogenase; organic acids – rosmarinic, caffeic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, ferulic, fumaric, glycolic, glyceric; resins, lipids, glucides, saponins, vitamins – complex B, vitamin C, and mineral substances – K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, B, Cu, Mo) from the leaves of this species also contribute to bile secretion and evacuation, strengthening immunity, fluidizing blood, normalizing blood sugar, combating oxidative stress, and limiting inflammatory processes in the body. Thus, the virtues of Sage derivatives include antisudorific, antioxidant, digestive, cholecystokinetic, bitter-tonic, phytoestrogenic, stomachic, emmenagogue, antispasmodic, carminative, antigalactogenic, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, and diuretic actions.

Sweet Mock-orange (Philadelphus coronarius), also known as Lemon Flower, is an exotic shrub with fragrant white flowers, reaching up to 3 meters in height, that belongs to the Hydrangeaceae family. Commonly found in parks and gardens in temperate zones due to its ornamental appearance and highly fragrant flowers, it is native to southern Europe and grows semi-wild on rocks and in thickets from plains to submontane areas. Known under various names such as “asomie,” “tree of paradise,” “Rusalka flowers,” “sipică,” “mayday,” “clocotici,” or “jasmine,” it shares its name with another species (Jasmine – Jasminum officinalis), with which it is not related. The name “Jasmine” means “God’s gift” and originates from the Persian word “Yasameen.” Additionally, it should not be confused with Wild Jasmine (Jasminum fructicans), another shrub also referred to as Lemon Flower.

Beyond its obvious decorative and aromatherapeutic uses, Sweet Mock-orange is traditionally used to relieve headaches and support the good functioning of the urogenital tract in women. Only the flowers are used, which are harvested on clear days. The flowers, once collected, are dried in a single layer, in the shade, in well-ventilated areas, and stored in paper bags. Recent scientific studies have highlighted the antitrichomonal action of Sweet Mock-orange flowers. The active compound responsible for this protective effect against the protozoan Trichomonas is called philadelphine. Lastly, Sweet Mock-orange flowers also have antidepressant properties, improving mood.

In conclusion, Sweet Mock-orange flower extract contributes to the protection of the female reproductive systemthrough its antiseptic and analgesic actions. Moreover, the active compounds (e.g., volatile oils, flavonoids, organic acids) from the flowers of this species also contribute to the disinfection of the urinary tract, protection and restoration of the vaginal microbiota, relief from headaches, and improvement of mood. Thus, the virtues of Sweet Mock-orange flower derivatives include antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, depurative, antitrichomonal, and diuretic actions.